How big is the universe? The Weber Telescope, located 1.5 million kilometers away, sends back despairing photos

Tech 2023-06-25 07:24:44 Source: Network

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How big is the universe? This problem has troubled scientists for hundreds of years. In ancient times, due to the underdeveloped technology of humans, the ancients always believed that our Earth was the only world, believing that the sun and moon were rotating around the Earth. Later, with the progress of human technology, humans finally walked out of the Earth. On April 12, 1961, Soviet astronauts flew out of the Earth on the former Soviet Eastern 1 spacecraft, After flying for 108 minutes at a height of 330 kilometers above the ground, circling the Earth and successfully returning to Earth, this was the first time humans had entered space, marking a milestone in the development of human science. When humans walked out of Earth and saw the universe, their curiosity was attracted by the vastness of the universe, and they wanted to know how big the universe was? With these doubts, humanity embarked on the path of exploring the universe. In order to explore the vast space of the universe, humans have launched many detectors, such as Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, and also launched many advanced telescopes.

For example, the Hubble Telescope, which is a large deep space telescope built in space, may raise a question for some friends when they see it, which is why the telescope was built in space? This is actually to get rid of the interference of the atmosphere on observation. I believe many friends should know that our Earth is surrounded by a thick atmosphere, which poses a certain obstacle to human observation of the universe. The atmosphere can absorb radiation from the universe, and within the range of visible light, the scattering of the atmosphere will prevent us from seeing galaxies too far away because they are darker than the light in the atmosphere itself, This is also why observatories are generally built on high mountains. Nowadays, astronomical telescopes can observe gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, infinite radio waves, and so on. The Hubble telescope was named after American physicist Edwin Hubble.

The Hubble Telescope has a total length of 16 meters and a primary mirror diameter of 2.4 meters. Its advantage lies in its ability to directly observe many substances in the universe in space. It is actually an artificial Earth satellite that rotates around the Earth at a speed of 7500 meters per second and can orbit the Earth once every 97 minutes. The main purpose of the Hubble Telescope's launch is to more accurately measure the distance and velocity between various galaxies, Thus, we can more accurately determine the numerical range of Hubble parameters. Through the Hubble telescope, we can study the age of the universe's birth, the distance between galaxies, and so on. However, the Hubble telescope has been working for decades now, and in terms of age, this telescope is indeed a bit older. However, the United States later discovered the Weber telescope, which cost over 10 billion US dollars, It is currently the most advanced telescope in humanity.

The diameter of the main mirror of the Weber telescope has reached 6.5 meters, which is 2.7 times the diameter of the Hubble telescope and 7.6 times the diameter of the Spitzer space telescope. The Weber telescope is composed of 18 gold-plated hexagonal mirrors that are spliced together, which is different from the design style of traditional space telescopes. Moreover, the Weber telescope's optical design is a three mirror astigmatism canceller, using curved secondary and tertiary mirrors to transmit image optical aberrations, There is also a fine steering mirror, which can provide stable images. In order to adjust the optical system, the Weber Space Telescope is also equipped with 126 small motors. Scientists have a clearer understanding of the universe with Weber Telescope. According to the research of scientists, it is basically invisible to Outer planets with Optical telescope. However, Weber telescope does not have this problem. It uses infrared observation. As long as there are enough greenhouses, objects will redshift, so that Optical telescope can observe planets that cannot be seen by Weber.

The special thing about Weber Telescope is its orbit. It does not revolve around the earth like Hubble, but is located on the Lagrange point L2 of the sun and the earth system, 1.5 million kilometers away from the earth. Through Weber Telescope, scientists observed a different scene. Weber Telescope sent back the first batch of full-color cosmic images and spectral data to mankind. Among the first five photos released, The information contained in it can shock the whole scientific community. In just five photos, Weber Telescope clearly showed the Galaxy cluster 4.6 billion years ago, when the sun was just born. In addition, Weber Telescope also observed the universe 5.1 billion light-years away from us. From the photos, we can see that there are as many galaxies in the universe as the sand on the earth, Each small highlight represents a galaxy.

At present, the diameter of the universe that humans can observe has reached 93 billion light-years, but this is not the entire scope of the universe. The universe may be even larger than we imagine. How big is the universe? Now scientists are still actively studying. The pictures taken by Weber Telescope are clearer than those taken by Hubble Telescope. In October 2022, Weber Telescope captured the Pillars of Creation. From the details of the pictures, we can see that Weber Telescope's observation ability in infrared band is much stronger than that of Hubble Telescope. After research, scientists have come to the conclusion that Pillars of Creation are actually part of the Eagle Nebula, Several tall pillars in the picture are as high as about 10 light years. Light year is a distance unit, and one light year is equivalent to the distance of light flight for one year. For human beings, the range of 10 light years is very far. In this Pillars of Creation, many stars have been bred, some of which are more massive than the sun.

However, the Pillars of Creation photographed by Weber Telescope is not what it looks like now, but what it looked like 65 million years ago. This is because the speed of light propagation in the universe is limited. Light can only be seen by telescopes after it has spread to the Earth for 65 million years. So all galaxies we see now are actually what they looked like before. What are they like now? At present, scientists cannot observe it, unless humans can fly near it, so that we can see what they are like now. However, judging from the current flight speed of humans, humans cannot fly out of the solar system at all. 46 years ago, scientists launched Voyager 1 and 2 detectors outside the solar system. The purpose of launching these two detectors is to let them fly out of the solar system and explore the mysteries outside the solar system, However, over the years, Voyager 1 and Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 did not fly out of the solar system. After research, scientists found that it would take at least tens of thousands of years to fly out of the solar system according to the flight speed of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2.

This is too long for human beings, so human beings cannot fly out of the solar system at present. In the vast universe, our solar system is very small, even a grain of sand is inferior, and our earth is even smaller. At the location where the Voyager 1 probe is 6.4 billion kilometers away from the Earth, NASA sent him a turn back order, and took a family photo of the solar system. In this family photo, Scientists can hardly find the location of the Earth, only a faint blue dot can be seen. After research, scientists have found that this faint blue dot is only 0.12 pixels in size. If scientists knew the location of the Earth in advance, we might not be able to find it. What many people cannot accept is that the Earth, which we have always been proud of, is so small in the universe.

After seeing this photo, the once famous scientist Carl Sagan couldn't help but exclaim: "Take a look at that spot of light again, that's here, that's home, that's us, every person you love, every person you know, every person you hear, every person who once existed, all spent their lives on it. Our joys and sorrows are mixed, and thousands of self righteous religions, ideologies, and economic theories, Every hunter and robber, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and farmer, every pair of youthful companions, every mother and father, every longing child, inventor and explorer, every virtuous teacher, every corrupt politician, every superstar, every supreme leader, every saint and sinner in human history, We all live here - a tiny particle of dust suspended in the sunlight.

Even so, humans have never given up their dream of exploring the universe. They have always hoped that we can find the edge of the universe, because only in this way can we unravel the mystery of its birth. However, to find the edge of the universe, we must surpass the speed of light, otherwise we will never be able to find the edge of the universe. Moreover, our universe is still expanding, and in the early 20th century, American physicist Edwin Hubble discovered a redshift in the spectra of galaxies while observing them. This phenomenon indicates that these galaxies are constantly moving away from us. After seeing this phenomenon, Edwin Hubble made a bold guess that our universe is still expanding. After this theory was proposed, many scientists were very shocked because before that, Scientists have always believed that our universe is static.

So many scientists observed the universe one after another, and finally found that Edwin Hubble's theory was correct. The theory of cosmic expansion gave scientists a heavy blow. If our universe continues to expand, perhaps we will never find the edge of the universe, after all, the speed of cosmic expansion is faster than the speed of light. So, how can humans find the edge of the universe? At present, scientists have come up with some ways to surpass the speed of light, such as the warp speed engine, which is a kind of Faster-than-light flight. The warp speed engine is a kind of Antimatter drive, which is used by human beings to use the distortion of space and time to draw closer the starting point and the end point that human beings want to reach. At this time, it takes us a short time from the starting point to the end point. This way can compress the space around the spaceship and expand the space behind it, Wrap the spacecraft itself to ensure that it will not be twisted.

This kind of flight speed can reach 2140 times the speed of light, which is beyond human imagination. However, scientists believe that space cannot be infinitely distorted, so when space is distorted to 9.99, it is the maximum limit of warp speed flight. However, this speed is enough for humans to explore the Milky Way, but to explore the universe, it is necessary to use wormholes to shuttle, Scientists believe that there should be a tunnel in the universe that can travel through time and space, connecting different cosmic spaces. If a spacecraft can enter from this end, it can fly to the other side of the universe in a short period of time. However, scientists have not yet found a wormhole, and many scientists believe that a black hole may be the entrance of a wormhole because its nature is constantly devouring matter, Where have these swallowed substances gone? Now scientists don't know either.

Perhaps there is a mysterious celestial white hole on the other side of the black hole, which is connected to form a wormhole. A wormhole is a tunnel that can travel through time and space. However, this is just a speculation by scientists. It is not clear whether a black hole is the entrance to a wormhole. However, with the progress of human technology, in the future, humans will definitely find ways to surpass the speed of light, Moreover, in the future, humans will launch more advanced telescopes. The Weber Telescope is currently the most advanced space telescope launched by humans, which can provide a lot of information about the universe and also capture information from the early stages of its birth. This is of great help to human research on the origin of the universe. Modern science believes that our universe was born 13.8 billion years ago, and it was generated by a singularity explosion, A singularity is a point with infinite mass, energy, heat, density, and volume.

After the explosion of this point, the universe began to expand. Although this theory is widely recognized in the scientific community, it still has certain loopholes, such as what was before the singularity? Why is the mass, heat, and density of a singularity infinitely large? These are issues that scientists cannot currently explain. However, humans have been actively researching and exploring the mysteries of the birth of the universe. However, human civilization has only been born for thousands of years, which is far from the time of the universe explosion. We want to know how the universe was born? We still need to continue working hard. The editor believes that as the most intelligent life on Earth, humans can explore the universe outside of the Earth in a short period of time. This indicates that the speed of human technological development is very fast. As long as humans can persevere in their efforts, with the development of human technology in the future, humans will definitely be able to unravel the mysteries of the universe. Do you have anything to say about this?

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